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    Metal Oxide Nanostructures Enhanced Microfluidic Platform for Efficient and Sensitive Immunofluorescence Detection of Dengue Virus
    (2023-11-01)
    Pormrungruang, Pareesa
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    Phanthanawiboon, Supranee
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    Jessadaluk, Sukittaya
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    Larpthavee, Preeda
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    Thaosing, Jiraphon
    Rapid and sensitive detection of Dengue virus remains a critical challenge in global public health. This study presents the development and evaluation of a Zinc Oxide nanorod (ZnO NR)-surface-integrated microfluidic platform for the early detection of Dengue virus. Utilizing a seed-assisted hydrothermal synthesis method, high-purity ZnO NRs were synthesized, characterized by their hexagonal wurtzite structure and a high surface-to-volume ratio, offering abundant binding sites for bioconjugation. Further, a comparative analysis demonstrated that the ZnO NR substrate outperformed traditional bare glass substrates in functionalization efficiency with 4G2 monoclonal antibody (mAb). Subsequent optimization of the functionalization process identified 4% (3-Glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) as the most effective surface modifier. The integration of this substrate within a herringbone-structured microfluidic platform resulted in a robust device for immunofluorescence detection of DENV-3. The limit of detection (LOD) for DENV-3 was observed to be as low as 3.1 × 10<sup>−4</sup> ng/mL, highlighting the remarkable sensitivity of the ZnO NR-integrated microfluidic device. This study emphasizes the potential of ZnO NRs and the developed microfluidic platform for the early detection of DENV-3, with possible expansion to other biological targets, hence paving the way for enhanced public health responses and improved disease management strategies.
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    Selective formations of antimony-dopant for highly sensitive nitrogen dioxide responsive behavior of tin oxide-based chemiresistive sensor
    (2025-02-15)
    Rattanawarinchai, Prapakorn
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    ; ; ;
    Here, selective formation of antimony (Sb) dopant species responsible for highly sensitive gas sensors based on tin oxide (SnO<inf>2</inf>) film grown via pulsed laser deposition is presented. By elevating a forming energy through controlling substrate temperature, not only crystallinity of Sb-SnO<inf>2</inf> (ATO) is notably enhanced but the Sb<sup>5 +</sup> also predominantly replace at Sn<sup>4+</sup> site rather than Sb<sup>3+</sup> counterpart. Such Sb-species selection plays a crucial role on the density of oxygen vacancy and free electron enabling to rationally design conductive behaviour of ATO film from insulative to degenerated semiconductor. As a practical example, detection of nitrogen dioxide (NO<inf>2</inf>) gas is selected as an application model. We found a narrow window for high NO<inf>2</inf> sensing performance of ATO film which strongly corresponds with the amount of carrier density. At certain window, ATO film exhibits high NO<inf>2</inf> response of 24.65 (10 ppm) and low limit of detection of 0.5 ppm, which is 5-fold higher and 10-fold lower than that of undoped-SnO<inf>2</inf>, respectively. Our finding demonstrates a facile approach to design over the chemical state, defect, and conductivity of the active sensing layer, allowing us to achieve an excellent sensing performance of functional materials conjugated to a nano-electronic platform.
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    Influence of Antimony Species on Electrical Properties of Sb-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Films Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition
    (2023-06-01)
    Jessadaluk, Sukittaya
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    This study systematically investigates the influence of antimony (Sb) species on the electrical properties of Sb-doped zinc oxide (SZO) thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition in an oxygen-rich environment. The Sb species-related defects were controlled through a qualitative change in energy per atom by increasing the Sb content in the Sb<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>:ZnO-ablating target. By increasing the content of Sb<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> (wt.%) in the target, Sb<sup>3+</sup> became the dominant Sb ablation species in the plasma plume. Consequently, n-type conductivity was converted to p-type conductivity in the SZO thin films prepared using the ablating target containing 2 wt.% Sb<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>. The substituted Sb species in the Zn site (Sb<inf>Zn</inf><sup>3+</sup> and Sb<inf>Zn</inf><sup>+</sup>) were responsible for forming n-type conductivity at low-level Sb doping. On the other hand, the Sb–Zn complex defects (Sb<inf>Zn</inf>–2V<inf>Zn</inf>) contributed to the formation of p-type conductivity at high-level doping. The increase in Sb<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> content in the ablating target, leading to a qualitative change in energy per Sb ion, offers a new pathway to achieve high-performing optoelectronics using ZnO-based p–n junctions.
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    Systematic investigations on morphological properties of aluminum-doped zinc oxide transparent electrode prepared from pulsed laser deposition and its electrochromic application
    (2023-03-01) ;
    Klamchuen, Annop
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    Jessadaluk, Sukittaya
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    Rattanawarinchai, Prapakorn
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    Borklom, Punlapa
    Transparent electrode (TE) is considered as one of the fundamental components in the optoelectronics. The surface of TE layer plays a crucial role in the charge-transport characteristics. Herein, a systematic investigation on the morphological properties of the laser-ablated aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) films as a TE material prepared from various laser fluences is demonstrated. It is revealed that the electrical properties of AZO films are strongly associated with their surface properties rather than that of the bulk film. As the laser fluence increased, the concentration of Al-dopant in AZO films is decreased which directly impacts on the electrical properties. Such vanishment is originated from the bombardment of the incident particles/ions with excessive kinetic energy on film's surface during the deposition. Moreover, the optimized AZO film with low resistivity (1.13 × 10<sup>−3</sup> Ω cm) and high optical transmittance (over 90%) achieved from controlling the laser fluence at 0.7 J/cm<sup>2</sup> is employed as TE layer in the electrochromic device. Our results highlight that the surface properties of TE layer are very critical for electronic performance.