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Item type:Publication, Fructooligosaccharides supplementation: effects on broiler chicken performance, intestinal morphology, microbial community, and stress indicators(2025-03-01); ; Ruangpanit, Y.Feeding broilers with different amounts of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) under conditions of higher stocking densities and reused litter did not affect growth performance (p>0.05). However, FOS supplementation improved gut health by increasing villus height to crypt depth ratio. It also promoted the growth of Lactobacillus and reduced the incidence of Escherichia coli. The decrease in heterophils to lymphocytes ratio in FOS-supplemented group indicates a reduction in stress levels. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Microbiota differences of giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) cultured in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) – A prototype vertical farming and traditional pond cultured system and their impact on autolysis rate and textural characteristics(2024-07-15); 2 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Fish gut microbiota: a source of novel metabolites – A review article(2023-03-01); Similar to human beings, fish harbor microorganisms in their gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Fishes are diverse groups of gut microbiota, including protists, fungi, yeasts, viruses, bacteria, and archaea. In addition to serving as a barrier against infections, these microbes that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract of fish play a role in nutrition, physiology, immunity, and life span. All fish have gut microbiota; however, the makeup of these communities varies depending on the fish's life stages, the habitat they live in, their nutrition, the seasons, their trophic level, etc. For both recreational and commercial fisheries, it is crucial to comprehend the bacterial make-up of fish microbiomes. The gut microbiota aids in the development of methods for modifying the gut microbiota of the target fish species to enhance aquaculture quality. These gut microbes are an invaluable, essential source of novel, promising bioactive compounds with significant biological activity. The natural product secondary metabolites from specific strains of Chaetomium spp. may develop to be biomedicine for sustainable protection. This review provides a comprehensive knowledge of the composition of the gut microbiota of fish, their development, changes in the living environment, their modification, and their applications. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Antibiotic exposure postweaning disrupts the neurochemistry and function of enteric neurons mediating colonic motor activity(2020-06-01); - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, New host-directed therapeutics for the treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection(2020-03-01); Sha, JianFrequent and excessive use of antibiotics primes patients to Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), which leads to fatal pseudomembranous colitis, with limited treatment options. In earlier reports, we used a drug repurposing strategy and identified amoxapine (an antidepressant), doxapram (a breathing stimulant), and trifluoperazine (an antipsychotic), which provided significant protection to mice against lethal infections with several pathogens, including C. difficile. However, the mechanisms of action of these drugs were not known. Here, we provide evidence that all three drugs offered protection against experimental CDI by reducing bacterial burden and toxin levels, although the drugs were neither bacteriostatic nor bactericidal in nature and had minimal impact on the composition of the microbiota. Drug-mediated protection was dependent on the presence of the microbiota, implicating its role in evoking host defenses that promoted protective immunity. By utilizing transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq), we identified that each drug increased expression of several innate immune response-related genes, including those involved in the recruitment of neutrophils, the production of interleukin 33 (IL-33), and the IL-22 signaling pathway. The RNA-seq data on selected genes were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and protein assays. Focusing on amoxapine, which had the best anti-CDI outcome, we demonstrated that neutralization of IL-33 or depletion of neutrophils resulted in loss of drug efficacy. Overall, our lead drugs promote disease alleviation and survival in the murine model through activation of IL-33 and by clearing the pathogen through host defense mechanisms that critically include an early influx of neutrophils. IMPORTANCE Clostridioides difficile is a spore-forming anaerobic bacterium and the leading cause of antibiotic-associated colitis. With few therapeutic options and high rates of disease recurrence, the need to develop new treatment options is urgent. Prior studies utilizing a repurposing approach identified three nonantibiotic Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs, amoxapine, doxapram, and trifluoperazine, with efficacy against a broad range of human pathogens; however, the protective mechanisms remained unknown. Here, we identified mechanisms leading to drug efficacy in a murine model of lethal C. difficile infection (CDI), advancing our understanding of the role of these drugs in infectious disease pathogenesis that center on host immune responses to C. difficile. Overall, these studies highlight the crucial involvement of innate immune responses, as well as the importance of immunomodulation as a potential therapeutic option to combat CDI.