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    Meat quality, post-mortem proteolytic enzymes, and myosin heavy chain isoforms of different Thai native cattle muscles
    (2021-09-01)
    Chaosap, Chanporn
    ;
    Sivapirunthep, Panneepa
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    Sitthigripong, Ronachai
    ;
    Tavitchasri, Piyada
    ;
    Maduae, Sabaiporn
    Objective: This study investigated the meat quality characteristics, endogenous proteolytic enzymes, collagen content, and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms of different muscles of Thai native cattle (TNC). Methods: Infraspinatus (IF), Longissimus thoracis (LT), and Supraspinatus (SS) muscles were obtained from two TNC breeds, Kho-Lan (KL, n = 7) and Kho-Isaan (KI, n = 7). The muscle and meat characteristics of TNC breeds and their relationship with MyHC expression were examined. Results: Three MyHC isoforms namely MyHC I, MyHC IIa, and MyHC IIx were detected in the muscles. The KL had higher (p<0.05) MyHC IIx than the KI. The IF muscle had higher (p<0.05) MyHC I compared to other muscles. The LT muscle had the least MyHC I. The LT had higher (p<0.05) MyHC IIx than the IF and SS muscles. The IF presented the least MyHC IIx. The KL had higher (p<0.05) lightness and moisture content and lower crude protein, redness, cooking loss, shear force, and calpastatin than the KI. The glycogen, total collagen, soluble collagen, crude protein, ash contents, and troponin T degradation product of IF and SS were lower (p<0.05) than that of LT. Ether extract in LT was lower (p<0.05) than that of IF and SS. The percentage of MyHC I, MyHC IIa, and MyHC IIx were significantly correlated with muscle and meat characteristics of TNC. Conclusion: These results suggest that the differences in the MyHC isoforms may partly account for the variation in meat quality between breeds and among muscles of TNC.
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    Carcass composition, meat quality, calpain activity, fatty acid composition and ribonucleotide content in southern thai native goats and three-way crossbred goats
    (2021-06-01)
    Chaosap, Chanporn
    ;
    Chauychuwong, Nantana
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    Chauychuwong, Ratchasak
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    Sriprem, Chatchai
    ;
    Sivapirunthep, Panneepa
    Carcass composition, meat quality, calpain activity, fatty acid composition, and ribonucleotide content were examined and compared between male Southern Thai native goats (NG, n = 10) and three-way crossbred goats (CG, 50% Boer × 25% Saanen × 25% Southern Thai native, n = 10). All animals were fed 1.5% body weight of concentrate (16% protein and 70% total digestible nutrients) and fresh Napier grass for 4 months. At the end of raising period, the final weight between the two genotypes was not significantly different. The percentage of carcass, bone, and fat of CG were higher than those of NG. NG presented lower shear force values, insoluble and total collagen content but higher collagen solubility and calpain-1 activity at 24 h postmortem. Additionally, NG meat was high in monounsaturated fatty acids but low in saturated fatty acids. However, the amount of ribonucleotide was no significant difference between two genotypes.
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    Degradation of troponin-T associated with calpain/ calpastatin genes expression in native Thai beef cattle fed different levels of energy
    (2018-12-01)
    Nonsee, M.
    ;
    Lukkananukool, A.
    ;
    Polyorach, S.
    ;
    Sommart, K.
    ;
    Sazili, A. Q.
    The influence of dietary energy level on the degradation of troponin-T protein and expression of calpain and calpastatin genes in native Thai cattle was determined. Eighteen steers (at 200 days old and average body weight of 100 ±20 kg) were randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatment groups of different metabolizable energy: Treatment 1 [(8.9 MJ/ kg DM; n=6), Treatment 2 (9.7 MJ/kg DM; n=6) and Treatment 3 (10.5 MJ/kg DM; n=6)]. The diets were in the form of fermented total mixed ration (FTMR). At the end of 520 days of feeding, the steers attained 300 ± 10 kg BW at slaughter. The Longissimus dorsi m. samples collected within 2 d postmortem were further aged for 14 d for the troponin-T degradation immunoblot analysis while, the CAPN1, CAPN2, and CAST genes expression analyses only used samples at 2 d postmortem. The relative bands intensities of intact (37 kDa) and degraded troponin-T (30 kDa) were unaffected by the dietary treatments (p>0.05). Higher 37 kDa (p<0.01) and 30 kDa (p<0.001) troponin-T proteins expression were noted at 2 d and 14 d post-mortem, respectively. The CAPN1, CAPN2, and CAST genes expression remained unaffected (p>0.05) by the dietary treatment. Nonetheless, significant associations were observed between CAPN2 and CAST genes expression (r=0.93; p<0.0001), and between CAPN1 gene expression and 30 kDa troponin-T proteins expression at 14 d postmortem (r=0.58; p<0.05). This study concluded that neither troponin-T proteins nor calpain/ calpastatin genes expression were influenced by dietary energy levels in fattened native Thai cattle. The associations between CAPN2 and CAST genes expression, and between CAPN1 gene expression and 30 kDa troponin-T proteins expression at 14 d postmortem suggest the involvement of CAPN1 in myofibrillar proteolysis during the 14 d postmortem ageing of Longissimus dorsi m. in native Thai cattle.