Mitchaothai, Jamlong

Preferred name

Alternative Name

Mitchaothai, J.

Main Affiliation

School of Agricultural Technology

jamlong.mi@kmitl.ac.th

Now showing 1 - 10 of 15

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Evaluating the benefits of hemp leaves in goat diets: nutrient digestibility, growth performance and histomorphology
(2025-11-01)
Lukkananukool, Achara
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Kongrit, Chanya
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Chaosap, Chanporn
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Adeyemi, Kazeem D.
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Mitchaothai, Jamlong
This study investigated the influence of hemp leaves in concentrate diets on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal morphology in goats. Fifteen Thai native × Boer bucks (BW: 16.28 ± 0.35 kg; 4 ± 0.5months old) were randomly assigned to diets containing 0, 2, or 4% hemp leaves and fed for 150 days. Results showed that feed intake, nutrient digestibility, and growth performance were unaffected by dietary hemp (P > 0.05), though goats fed 4% hemp leaves exhibited higher neutral detergent fiber intake. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were similar across all groups at 0 and 3 h postprandial, but goats fed 2% hemp leaves had elevated (P < 0.05) BUN at 6 h postprandial. Diets had no effect on the height, width, number and surface area of rumen papillae (P > 0.05). No significant differences were observed in villus height, villus width, or crypt depth in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. However, goats fed 4% hemp leaves displayed a significantly higher jejunal villus height to crypt depth ratio, indicating improved intestinal health. These findings suggest that hemp leaves can be included in goat diets without negative effects on performance, while the 4% enhances fiber intake and jejunal morphology.
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Review: Insects—A Source of Safe and Sustainable Food?— “Jein” (Yes and No)
(2022-01-14)
Grabowski, Nils Th
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Abdulmawjood, Amir
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Acheuk, Fatma
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Barragán Fonseca, Karol
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Chhay, Ty
For almost a decade, edible insects have become promoted on a wider basis as one way to combat world hunger and malnourishment, although attempts to do so have a longer history. Contemporary researchers and consumers, particularly those without an entomophagous background, have been rising safety and sustainability concerns. The present contribution seeks a substantiated answer to the question posed above. The possible answer consists of different factors that have been taken into consideration. First, the species and its life cycle. It is mandatory to realize that what is labeled as “edible insects” stands for more than 2,140 animal species, not counting other edible, non-crustacean arthropods. Their life cycles are as diverse as the ecological niches these animals can fill and last between some days to several years and many of them may—or may not—be reproduced in the different farming systems. Second, the level of knowledge concerning the food use of a given species is important, be it traditional, newly created by research, or a combination of both. Third, the existence of a traditional method of making the use of the insect safe and sustainable, ideally from both the traditional and the modern points of view. Fourth, the degree of effectiveness of these measures despite globalization changes in the food-supplying network. Fifth, farming conditions, particularly housing, feeding (type, composition, and contaminants), animal health and animal welfare. Sixth, processing, transport, and storage conditions of both traditional and novel insect-based foodstuffs, and seventh, consumer awareness and acceptance of these products. These main variables create a complex web of possibilities, just as with other foodstuffs that are either harvested from the wild or farmed. In this way, food safety may be reached when proper hygiene protocols are observed (which usually include heating steps) and the animals do not contain chemical residues or environment contaminants. A varying degree of sustainability can be achieved if the aforementioned variables are heeded. Hence, the question if insects can be safe and sustainable can be answered with “jein,” a German portmanteau word joining “yes” (“ja”) and “no” (“nein”).
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Production Performance and Nutrient Conversion Efficiency of Field Cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus) in Mass-Rearing Conditions
(2022-09-01)
Mitchaothai, Jamlong
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Grabowski, Nils T.
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Lertpatarakomol, Rachakris
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Trairatapiwan, Tassanee
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Chhay, Ty
Currently, there is an increased interest in mass producing edible insects, e.g., field crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus), due to their market value and sustainable development. The current study aimed to measure the production performance of field crickets and to quantify the major nutrient deposition rate using a new approach for a nutrient conversion efficiency calculation for the field crickets under mass-rearing conditions. The field crickets were reared under mass-rearing conditions in the rearing crates and fed with a commercial cricket feed. Measurements for daily feed offered, final body weight, and dead cricket quantity were carried out during the feeding trial period. There were three production rounds with the same procedure for farmed cricket management. The samples of diet, adult crickets, and dead crickets were collected and then analyzed for chemical analysis of macronutrients. The production performance and nutrient conversion efficiency were calculated and then compared with applicable earlier reports for both field and house (Acheta domesticus) crickets. The production performance for the studied field crickets under mass-rearing conditions had final a body weight, an average daily gain (ADG), a feed conversion ratio (FCR), and a survival rate of 0.95 g, 23.20 mg/day, 2.94 and 88.51%, respectively. The field crickets had nutrient conversion efficiency for dry matter (DM), ash, crude protein (CP), crude fat (EE), crude fiber (CF), and nitrogen-free extract (NFE) of 13.26, 8.03, 28.95, 88.94, 34.87, and 1.85, respectively, with an adjusted nutrient conversion efficiency of 14.85, 8.99, 32.37, 99.17, 38.95, and 2.10, respectively. Thus, the production of field crickets could be performed under mass-rearing conditions, and the nutrient conversion efficiency for both adjusted and non-adjusted values could be measured.
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Effect and Optimal Level of Dietary Dried Watermeal (Wolffia globosa) Supplementation on the Production Performance of Two-Spotted Crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus)
(2025-07-01)
Mitchaothai, Jamlong
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Grabowski, Nils T.
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Lertpatarakomol, Rachakris
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Trairatapiwan, Tassanee
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Lukkananukool, Achara
Watermeal (Wolffia globosa) is an emerging sustainable feed ingredient, valued for its rapid growth, high protein content, and rich nutrient profile, offering great potential to improve the efficiency and sustainability of edible cricket production systems through efficient resource use and reduced environmental impact. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of replacing commercial cricket feed with dried watermeal and to determine the optimal substitution level for the production performance of two-spotted crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus). Seven dietary treatments were tested, namely 0% (control; T1), 10% (T2), 25% (T3), 50% (T4), 75% (T5), 90% (T6), and 100% (T7). Crickets were reared for four weeks in an open system with 6 replicates per treatment, with each containing 120 nymphs. Body weight, feed intake, and survival rate were recorded weekly, and a production index was calculated at the end of the trial. Results showed average growth rates ranging from 7.40 to 28.20 mg/day, feed conversion ratios (FCR) between 1.03 and 1.68, survival rates of 29.28% to 69.73%, and production index values from 24.00 to 128.30. A significant decline in production efficiency (p < 0.05) was observed at substitution levels of 75% and above, with the 100% watermeal group showing the lowest production efficiency (p < 0.05), likely due to nutrient imbalances and indigestible compounds. Segmented regression analysis identified 36.7% as the optimal level of watermeal supplementation. In terms of body composition, crickets fed diets containing up to 50% watermeal (10%, 25%, and 50%) showed crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and ash contents comparable to those fed the commercial diet. This finding suggests that dried watermeal can replace up to 50% of the commercial cricket feed without negatively affecting growth performance, survival, or nutritional quality, with 36.7% identified as the optimal replacement level for maximizing production efficiency.
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Bacterial Contamination and Antimicrobial Resistance in Two-Spotted (Gryllus bimaculatus) and House (Acheta domesticus) Cricket Rearing and Harvesting Processes
(2024-07-01)
Mitchaothai, Jamlong
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Grabowski, Nils T.
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Lertpatarakomol, Rachakris
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Trairatapiwan, Tassanee
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Lukkananukool, Achara
Food safety for cricket production is a crucial factor in producing edible crickets with safety for consumers and sustainability for two-spotted (Gryllus bimaculatus) as well as house (Acheta domesticus) cricket production. This study was conducted by simultaneously rearing two cricket species, comprising two-spotted crickets (G. bimaculatus) and house crickets (A. domesticus). A total of 16 rearing crates were used for the present study, which were allocated into 8 rearing crates for each studied cricket species, including paper egg cartons. Cricket eggs were incubated in the rearing crates. Once the crickets hatched, tap water and powdered feed were provided ad libitum throughout the experiment. At the end of this study (35 and 42 days for the two-spotted and house crickets, respectively), all crickets were harvested, rinsed in tap water, and boiled in water for 5 min. During the rearing and harvesting processes, samples were collected from various potential contamination points for bacteria, including E. coli and Salmonella spp. There were samples of the initial input (feed, drinking water, and staff hands), rearing environment (water pipe, crate wall, living cartons, frass, and cricket surface), and harvesting crickets (harvested, washed, and boiled crickets), with a 2-week sampling interval, except for the last round of sampling for the two-spotted crickets. Subsequently, all samples were submitted to isolate and identify contaminated bacteria. The samples from the last round of sampling for both kinds of crickets were submitted to quantify the level of contamination for E. coli and Salmonella spp., including antimicrobial resistance by the disk diffusion method for the positive isolate. The results showed that bacterial contamination was found in the rearing of both cricket species, primarily involving Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp., mainly found in prepared drinking water and the water pipes of drinking water supply equipment, which are potential sources of contamination with cricket frass. E. coli was found in 4.8% and 4.3% of the two-spotted and house crickets, respectively, while no presence of Salmonella spp. was detected in any submitted samples. The quantification of E. coli and Salmonella spp. indicated E. coli contamination near the water pipe and the frass of two-spotted crickets, but Salmonella spp. was undetectable in both two-spotted and house crickets. The antimicrobial resistance of isolated E. coli mainly involved penicillin G, amoxicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, lincomycin, and tiamulin. Thus, good farm management with proper sanitation practices (such as cleaning and keeping the environment dry), as well as boiling crickets during the harvesting process, may help ensure the safety of edible cricket production.
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Effects of supplementing hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) leaves in concentrate diet on carcass traits and meat characteristics of Longissimus muscle in goat kids
(2025-12-01)
Chaosap, Chanporn
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Sahatsanon, Katatikarn
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Adeyemi, Kazeem D.
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Sringarm, Korawan
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Mitchaothai, Jamlong
The influence of dietary hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) leaf (HL) supplementation in a concentrate diet on carcass traits, physicochemical properties, amino acids, ribonucleotides, lipid oxidation, and fatty acids of Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscle in goat kids was evaluated. Fifteen entire Thai native x Boer bucks (body weight: 16.28±0.35kg; age: 4 months) were randomly assigned to concentrate diets containing 0% (HL-0), 2% (HL-2), or 4% (HL-4) HL for 150 days, after which they were slaughtered. The LTL muscles were assessed for physicochemical properties, fatty acids, amino acids, ribonucleotides and lipid oxidation. The HL-4 goats had heavier hot and cold carcass weights compared to the other groups (P<0.05). Shoulder percentage was lower in the HL-0 goats than in the other groups (P<0.05). The diets did not affect color, chemical composition, shear force, muscle fiber diameter, sarcomere length, ribonucleotides, or free and total amino acids in the LTL muscle in goats. However, the HL-4 meat had higher (P<0.05) pH 24h compared to the HL-2 meat, while the pH of the HL-0 meat did not differ from that of the other groups. The HL-4 meat had lower cook loss compared to the other meats (P<0.05). HL supplementation increased C20:4n-6 concentration (P<0.05). HL-2 meat had higher total polyunsaturated fatty acids compared to the other groups (P<0.05). The HL-2 and HL-4 meats had lower TBARS values (P<0.05) throughout the 5-day postmortem chill storage. Dietary inclusion of 2–4% hemp leaves improved carcass yield, fatty acids, and oxidative stability of goat meat without compromising other quality traits, suggesting its potential as a natural feed additive to enhance meat quality and shelf life.
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The effect of adding mung bean meal supplementation on Napier Pakchong 1 silage on fermentation quality and nutrient composition
(2018-12-01)
Boonkoed, S.
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Suphalucksana, W.
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Sitthigripong, R.
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Srikijkasemwat, K.
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Mitchaothai, J.
The effect of mung bean meal supplementation on Napier Pakchong 1 silage on fermentation quality and nutritional value was investigated. The results found that pH of all treatments of mung bean meals on Napier Pakchong 1 silage ranges from 4.17-4.73 was the lowest value found in the treatment 1 whereas highest value found in the treatment 6 (P<0.01). When volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) in silage was recorded, the VBN in the ailage of the treatment 5 had the highest value (35.56%) and followed by that of the treatment 6 (32.98%) while the lowest VBN found in the silage of the treatment 1 (8.57%) (P<0.01). Moreover, the silage in the treatment 6 was the highest nutritional proportion by increasing dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE) and gross energy (GE), while decreasing ash, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) (P<0.01). Thus, making silage by adding mung bean meals on Napier Pakchong 1 could improve nutritional value of silage in term of increasing DM, CP, EE and GE contents, but decreasing contents of ash, NDF and ADF. In addition, making silage from Napier Pakchong 1 grass by replacing mung bean meal at 10-20% could be applicable for preserving ruminant roughage.
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Effect of Imaging Distance and Chicken Body Size on Infrared Thermal Camera Accuracy in Body Temperature Measurement
(2025-11-01)
Mitchaothai, Jamlong
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Lukkananukool, Achara
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Suwor, Patcharaporn
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Suwanmaneepong, Suneeporn
The accurate monitoring of body temperature is critical to poultry health and welfare. Rectal thermometry, the conventionally employed method, is invasive and stressful. Infrared thermography (IRT) offers a non-invasive alternative, but its accuracy may be influenced by body size and camera-to-object distance. This study evaluated the efficiency of thermal imaging compared with rectal thermometry in measuring chicken body temperature, with a focus on the effects of body size and measurement distance. A cross-sectional, repeated-measures design was applied to ninety clinically healthy Buff Sussex chickens (n = 30 per size group: small, medium, and large). Each bird was imaged from three distances (50, 75, and 100 cm) by using a thermal camera (FLIR C5<sup>®</sup>), with rectal temperature (Omron MC-246<sup>®</sup>) serving as the reference, so that a total of 270 paired observations were analyzed. Agreement was assessed using Bland–Altman bias and limits of agreement (LOAs), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), Pearson correlation (r), and Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). The results showed that rectal temperatures were consistent with the normal physiological range reported for healthy chickens (40.43–41.95 °C) and that thermal imaging showed systematic underestimation, particularly in small birds (bias of up to −2.65 °C and RMSE of 2.72 °C at 100 cm) and medium-sized birds (bias of −0.73 to −1.39 °C), with weak concordance (CCC ≤ 0.16). Measurements in large birds demonstrated the smallest bias (−0.76 to +0.16 °C), lower errors (MAE of 0.73–0.89 °C), and stronger correlations (r = 0.56–0.71), indicating more reliable agreement. Distance influenced accuracy, with underestimation increasing at 75–100 cm, especially in smaller birds. Therefore, thermal imaging cannot fully replace rectal thermometry for individual-level assessment in chickens due to systematic underestimation, especially in small birds and at greater distances. However, it shows promise as a rapid, non-invasive flock-level screening tool in larger chickens when used at optimal distances (50–75 cm). The integration of thermal imaging into precision livestock farming and future farm models may enhance welfare-friendly, automated health monitoring in poultry systems.
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Effects of Gingko biloba and Milk Thistle Extracts on Biomarkers of Antioxidants Status and Liver Function in Healthy Dogs
(2025-08-01)
Lertpatarakomol, Rachakris
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Trairatapiwan, Tassanee
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Klaengkaew, Auraiwan
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Mitchaothai, Jamlong
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Lukkananukool, Achara
This study investigated the effects of Ginkgo biloba and milk thistle seed extract (GB/MT) supplementation on antioxidant status, liver function, and general health in healthy dogs. Six French Bulldogs were enrolled in a crossover design and fed commercial diets supplemented with GB/MT at either 1 or 2 g/day for 21 days. Blood samples were collected at baseline (day 0), during supplementation (days 14 and 21), and after withdrawal (day 28) to assess serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH/GSSG), liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP), albumin, total protein, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Results showed that GB/MT supplementation had no significant effect on antioxidant markers (SOD and GSH/GSSG) at either dose. However, both supplementation levels led to significant decreases in ALT and increases in serum albumin levels after 21 days. No significant differences were observed in other liver function or general health parameters. These findings suggest that GB/MT supplementation does not enhance antioxidant enzyme activity under non-stressed conditions but may support liver health by reducing liver enzyme levels and enhancing protein synthesis. The 1 g/day dose was found to be as effective as the higher dose, suggesting a cost-effective approach for maintaining liver function in dogs through dietary botanical supplementation.
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Antimicrobial resistance in fecal Escherichia coli from different pig production systems
(2022-01-01)
Mitchaothai, Jamlong
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Srikijkasemwat, Kanokrat
Objective: The objective of the current study was to investigate the influences of conventional (CO) and deep litter (DE) systems on antimicrobial resistance in fecal Escherichia coli (E. coli). Methods: A crosssectional study was carried out to detect antimicrobial resistance to E. coli in swine fecal samples in CO and DE systems located in western and northeastern Thailand. Individual rectal swab samples were taken only from healthy pigs. A total of 215 individual and healthy pigs were randomly selected for isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility test of E. coli by the disc diffusion method. The test panel included amoxicillin (AMX), colistin, doxycycline (DOX), enrofloxacin, gentamicin (GEN), kanamycin, neomycin (NEO), and trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (SXT). Results: There were significant (p<0.05) lower resistance levels for GEN, NEO, and SXT in the DE farms compared to those in the CO farms. There was a lower number of antimicrobial resistance agents (p<0.001) in the DE farms compared to those in the CO farms. This result was consistent with those in western (p<0.01) and northeastern (p<0.01) Thailand. Overall, antibiograms of AMXSXT and AMXDOXSXT were found in the CO (19.09% and 20.91%, respectively) and the DE (16.19% and 24.76%, respectively) farms. No antimicrobial resistance (5.71%) was found and AMX (13.33%) resistant pigs in the DE farms, whereas the pattern of AMXGENSXT (6.36%) and AMXDOXGENSXT (11.82%) resistant pigs was found in the CO farms. Conclusion: The DE system for pig farming was superior to conventional pig farming by lowering the resistance level of fecal E. coli to GEN, NEO, and SXT, with decreasing the number of antimicrobial resistance agents and inducing a small proportion of pigs to be free from antimicrobial resistance.

Mitchaothai, Jamlong

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