Lukkananukool, Achara

Preferred name

Alternative Name

Lukkananukool, A.

Main Affiliation

School of Agricultural Technology

achara.lu@kmitl.ac.th

Now showing 1 - 10 of 19

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Evaluating the benefits of hemp leaves in goat diets: nutrient digestibility, growth performance and histomorphology
(2025-11-01)
Lukkananukool, Achara
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Kongrit, Chanya
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Chaosap, Chanporn
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Adeyemi, Kazeem D.
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Mitchaothai, Jamlong
This study investigated the influence of hemp leaves in concentrate diets on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal morphology in goats. Fifteen Thai native × Boer bucks (BW: 16.28 ± 0.35 kg; 4 ± 0.5months old) were randomly assigned to diets containing 0, 2, or 4% hemp leaves and fed for 150 days. Results showed that feed intake, nutrient digestibility, and growth performance were unaffected by dietary hemp (P > 0.05), though goats fed 4% hemp leaves exhibited higher neutral detergent fiber intake. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were similar across all groups at 0 and 3 h postprandial, but goats fed 2% hemp leaves had elevated (P < 0.05) BUN at 6 h postprandial. Diets had no effect on the height, width, number and surface area of rumen papillae (P > 0.05). No significant differences were observed in villus height, villus width, or crypt depth in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. However, goats fed 4% hemp leaves displayed a significantly higher jejunal villus height to crypt depth ratio, indicating improved intestinal health. These findings suggest that hemp leaves can be included in goat diets without negative effects on performance, while the 4% enhances fiber intake and jejunal morphology.
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Chemical and fatty acid composition, collagen, calpain and troponin T contents and quality characteristics of five muscle types in native Thai cattle
(2024-03-01)
Chaosap, Chanporn
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Sommart, Kritapon
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Adeyemi, Kazeem D.
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Polyorach, Sineenart
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Lukkananukool, Achara
In this study, chemical composition, fatty acids, collagen solubility, calpains, and troponin T degradation were investigated in various muscles of native Thai cattle (NTC). Five muscles, namely Bicep femoris, Infraspinatus, Longissimus thoracis, Supraspinatus and Semimembranosus were sampled from five Kho Isaan bulls. Moisture content of Longissimus thoracis was lower (p < 0.05) than others. Protein content of Longissimus thoracis, Bicep femoris and Semimembranosus was higher (p < 0.05) than that of Infraspinatus and Supraspinatus. Infraspinatus and Longissimus thoracis had higher fat content (p < 0.05) than Bicep femoris and Semimembranosus. Muscle pH, color, and drip loss did not differ between muscles. Semimembranosus and Supraspinatus showed higher cook loss (p < 0.05) than Infraspinatus and Longissimus thoracis. Infraspinatus had the lowest Warner–Bratzler shear force (p < 0.05). Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus and Bicep femoris had higher (p < 0.05) soluble, insoluble and total collagen content than Semimembranosus and Longissimus thoracis. Infraspinatus had higher collagen solubility than Semimembranosus and Supraspinatus. Collagen content and solubility were not affected by ageing time. The relative band intensities of intact troponin T and its degradation product at 2- and 14-days postmortem were higher in Longissimus thoracis than in other muscles. Infraspinatus and Supraspinatus had significantly higher expression of m-calpain and calpastatin genes than Longissimus thoracis, Bicep femoris, and Semimembranosus. Total fatty acid was higher while the percentage of C22:6n-3 was lower in Infraspinatus and Longissimus thoracis (p < 0.05) than in other muscles. These results show differences in specific nutritional, technological and eating quality characteristics of NTC muscles and thus provide information for optimizing storage and processing conditions for various NTC muscles.
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Production Performance and Nutrient Conversion Efficiency of Field Cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus) in Mass-Rearing Conditions
(2022-09-01)
Mitchaothai, Jamlong
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Grabowski, Nils T.
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Lertpatarakomol, Rachakris
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Trairatapiwan, Tassanee
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Chhay, Ty
Currently, there is an increased interest in mass producing edible insects, e.g., field crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus), due to their market value and sustainable development. The current study aimed to measure the production performance of field crickets and to quantify the major nutrient deposition rate using a new approach for a nutrient conversion efficiency calculation for the field crickets under mass-rearing conditions. The field crickets were reared under mass-rearing conditions in the rearing crates and fed with a commercial cricket feed. Measurements for daily feed offered, final body weight, and dead cricket quantity were carried out during the feeding trial period. There were three production rounds with the same procedure for farmed cricket management. The samples of diet, adult crickets, and dead crickets were collected and then analyzed for chemical analysis of macronutrients. The production performance and nutrient conversion efficiency were calculated and then compared with applicable earlier reports for both field and house (Acheta domesticus) crickets. The production performance for the studied field crickets under mass-rearing conditions had final a body weight, an average daily gain (ADG), a feed conversion ratio (FCR), and a survival rate of 0.95 g, 23.20 mg/day, 2.94 and 88.51%, respectively. The field crickets had nutrient conversion efficiency for dry matter (DM), ash, crude protein (CP), crude fat (EE), crude fiber (CF), and nitrogen-free extract (NFE) of 13.26, 8.03, 28.95, 88.94, 34.87, and 1.85, respectively, with an adjusted nutrient conversion efficiency of 14.85, 8.99, 32.37, 99.17, 38.95, and 2.10, respectively. Thus, the production of field crickets could be performed under mass-rearing conditions, and the nutrient conversion efficiency for both adjusted and non-adjusted values could be measured.
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Effect of molasses and fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria on the fermentation characteristics and nutrient compositions of cassava leaves silage
(2018-09-01)
Lukkananukool, Achara
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Thammakarn, Chanathip
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Srikijkasemwat, Kanokrat
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Aung, Min
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Kyawt, Yin Yin
Molasses and fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) addition improved the quality of cassava leaves silage; however their effect depends on the types of forages ensiled. Thus, this study was aimed to compare the effect of molasses and FJLB additives on the fermentation characteristics and nutrient compositions of cassava leaves silage. Cassava leaves were chopped into pieces of 1-2 cm length before ensiling. The molasses 5% (w/w) and FJLB 1% (v/w) of fresh material were added as silage additives. As the measurement, the physical characteristics, chemical compositions, nutritive values, organic acid concentrations, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count, volatile based nitrogen (VBN) and V-score of experimental silages were determined. In general, the physical characteristics and nutritive values of molasses and FJLB silages were not significantly different (p>0.05), however crude protein and fibre contents of FJLB silage were significantly higher (p<0.05) than molasses silage. Inversely, total carbohydrate and non fibre carbohydrate contents of molasses silage were also greater (p<0.05) than FJLB silage, resulted the higher feed intake in molasses silage. The acetic acid and propionic acid concentrations were greater (p<0.05) in molasses silage, whereas the higher (p<0.05) LAB count was found in FJLB silage. Regarding the indicators for good quality silage, VBN and V-score, both FJLB and molasses silages possessed the parameters for good quality silages. Thus, this experiment indicated that FJLB can be alternatively used as additive instead of using molasses in cassava leaves silage. Copyright
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Effect and Optimal Level of Dietary Dried Watermeal (Wolffia globosa) Supplementation on the Production Performance of Two-Spotted Crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus)
(2025-07-01)
Mitchaothai, Jamlong
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Grabowski, Nils T.
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Lertpatarakomol, Rachakris
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Trairatapiwan, Tassanee
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Lukkananukool, Achara
Watermeal (Wolffia globosa) is an emerging sustainable feed ingredient, valued for its rapid growth, high protein content, and rich nutrient profile, offering great potential to improve the efficiency and sustainability of edible cricket production systems through efficient resource use and reduced environmental impact. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of replacing commercial cricket feed with dried watermeal and to determine the optimal substitution level for the production performance of two-spotted crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus). Seven dietary treatments were tested, namely 0% (control; T1), 10% (T2), 25% (T3), 50% (T4), 75% (T5), 90% (T6), and 100% (T7). Crickets were reared for four weeks in an open system with 6 replicates per treatment, with each containing 120 nymphs. Body weight, feed intake, and survival rate were recorded weekly, and a production index was calculated at the end of the trial. Results showed average growth rates ranging from 7.40 to 28.20 mg/day, feed conversion ratios (FCR) between 1.03 and 1.68, survival rates of 29.28% to 69.73%, and production index values from 24.00 to 128.30. A significant decline in production efficiency (p < 0.05) was observed at substitution levels of 75% and above, with the 100% watermeal group showing the lowest production efficiency (p < 0.05), likely due to nutrient imbalances and indigestible compounds. Segmented regression analysis identified 36.7% as the optimal level of watermeal supplementation. In terms of body composition, crickets fed diets containing up to 50% watermeal (10%, 25%, and 50%) showed crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and ash contents comparable to those fed the commercial diet. This finding suggests that dried watermeal can replace up to 50% of the commercial cricket feed without negatively affecting growth performance, survival, or nutritional quality, with 36.7% identified as the optimal replacement level for maximizing production efficiency.
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Fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria and molasses addition on the fermentation characteristics and nutrient compositions of sorghum silage
(2019-08-01)
Lukkananukool, Achara
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Srikijkasemwat, Kanokrat
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Promnaret, Amphai
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Aung, Min
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Kyawt, Yin Yin
This study was conducted to determine the effect of fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) and molasses addition on the fermentation characteristics and nutrient compositions of sorghum silage. Sorghums were chopped into pieces of 1-2 cm length and molasses 5% (w/w) and FJLB 1% (v/w) of fresh material were added as silage additives. No significant effects on physical characteristics except pH, lowest in molasses silage, were noted. The higher organic matter and lower fibre contents were observed in molasses silage. Total carbohydrate, non fibre carbohydrate, total digestible nutrients, digestible dry matter and dry matter intake were highest in molasses silage. The higher acetic, propionic and lactic acid concentrations were observed in FJLB silage. The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count was highest in FJLB silage, and lowest in control silage. The low volatile based nitrogen (VBN) and high V-score, indicators of good quality silages, were generally observed in molasses and FJLB rather than control silages. This experiment indicated that FJLB can be alternatively used as additive instead of using molasses in sorghum silage; however more inclusion level of molasses and FJLB should be used to ensure good quality silage.
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Bacterial Contamination and Antimicrobial Resistance in Two-Spotted (Gryllus bimaculatus) and House (Acheta domesticus) Cricket Rearing and Harvesting Processes
(2024-07-01)
Mitchaothai, Jamlong
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Grabowski, Nils T.
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Lertpatarakomol, Rachakris
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Trairatapiwan, Tassanee
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Lukkananukool, Achara
Food safety for cricket production is a crucial factor in producing edible crickets with safety for consumers and sustainability for two-spotted (Gryllus bimaculatus) as well as house (Acheta domesticus) cricket production. This study was conducted by simultaneously rearing two cricket species, comprising two-spotted crickets (G. bimaculatus) and house crickets (A. domesticus). A total of 16 rearing crates were used for the present study, which were allocated into 8 rearing crates for each studied cricket species, including paper egg cartons. Cricket eggs were incubated in the rearing crates. Once the crickets hatched, tap water and powdered feed were provided ad libitum throughout the experiment. At the end of this study (35 and 42 days for the two-spotted and house crickets, respectively), all crickets were harvested, rinsed in tap water, and boiled in water for 5 min. During the rearing and harvesting processes, samples were collected from various potential contamination points for bacteria, including E. coli and Salmonella spp. There were samples of the initial input (feed, drinking water, and staff hands), rearing environment (water pipe, crate wall, living cartons, frass, and cricket surface), and harvesting crickets (harvested, washed, and boiled crickets), with a 2-week sampling interval, except for the last round of sampling for the two-spotted crickets. Subsequently, all samples were submitted to isolate and identify contaminated bacteria. The samples from the last round of sampling for both kinds of crickets were submitted to quantify the level of contamination for E. coli and Salmonella spp., including antimicrobial resistance by the disk diffusion method for the positive isolate. The results showed that bacterial contamination was found in the rearing of both cricket species, primarily involving Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp., mainly found in prepared drinking water and the water pipes of drinking water supply equipment, which are potential sources of contamination with cricket frass. E. coli was found in 4.8% and 4.3% of the two-spotted and house crickets, respectively, while no presence of Salmonella spp. was detected in any submitted samples. The quantification of E. coli and Salmonella spp. indicated E. coli contamination near the water pipe and the frass of two-spotted crickets, but Salmonella spp. was undetectable in both two-spotted and house crickets. The antimicrobial resistance of isolated E. coli mainly involved penicillin G, amoxicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, lincomycin, and tiamulin. Thus, good farm management with proper sanitation practices (such as cleaning and keeping the environment dry), as well as boiling crickets during the harvesting process, may help ensure the safety of edible cricket production.
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Effects of supplementing hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) leaves in concentrate diet on carcass traits and meat characteristics of Longissimus muscle in goat kids
(2025-12-01)
Chaosap, Chanporn
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Sahatsanon, Katatikarn
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Adeyemi, Kazeem D.
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Sringarm, Korawan
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Mitchaothai, Jamlong
The influence of dietary hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) leaf (HL) supplementation in a concentrate diet on carcass traits, physicochemical properties, amino acids, ribonucleotides, lipid oxidation, and fatty acids of Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscle in goat kids was evaluated. Fifteen entire Thai native x Boer bucks (body weight: 16.28±0.35kg; age: 4 months) were randomly assigned to concentrate diets containing 0% (HL-0), 2% (HL-2), or 4% (HL-4) HL for 150 days, after which they were slaughtered. The LTL muscles were assessed for physicochemical properties, fatty acids, amino acids, ribonucleotides and lipid oxidation. The HL-4 goats had heavier hot and cold carcass weights compared to the other groups (P<0.05). Shoulder percentage was lower in the HL-0 goats than in the other groups (P<0.05). The diets did not affect color, chemical composition, shear force, muscle fiber diameter, sarcomere length, ribonucleotides, or free and total amino acids in the LTL muscle in goats. However, the HL-4 meat had higher (P<0.05) pH 24h compared to the HL-2 meat, while the pH of the HL-0 meat did not differ from that of the other groups. The HL-4 meat had lower cook loss compared to the other meats (P<0.05). HL supplementation increased C20:4n-6 concentration (P<0.05). HL-2 meat had higher total polyunsaturated fatty acids compared to the other groups (P<0.05). The HL-2 and HL-4 meats had lower TBARS values (P<0.05) throughout the 5-day postmortem chill storage. Dietary inclusion of 2–4% hemp leaves improved carcass yield, fatty acids, and oxidative stability of goat meat without compromising other quality traits, suggesting its potential as a natural feed additive to enhance meat quality and shelf life.
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The effect of adding mung bean meal supplementation on Napier Pakchong 1 silage on fermentation quality and nutrient composition
(2018-12-01)
Boonkoed, S.
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Suphalucksana, W.
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Sitthigripong, R.
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Srikijkasemwat, K.
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Mitchaothai, J.
The effect of mung bean meal supplementation on Napier Pakchong 1 silage on fermentation quality and nutritional value was investigated. The results found that pH of all treatments of mung bean meals on Napier Pakchong 1 silage ranges from 4.17-4.73 was the lowest value found in the treatment 1 whereas highest value found in the treatment 6 (P<0.01). When volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) in silage was recorded, the VBN in the ailage of the treatment 5 had the highest value (35.56%) and followed by that of the treatment 6 (32.98%) while the lowest VBN found in the silage of the treatment 1 (8.57%) (P<0.01). Moreover, the silage in the treatment 6 was the highest nutritional proportion by increasing dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE) and gross energy (GE), while decreasing ash, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) (P<0.01). Thus, making silage by adding mung bean meals on Napier Pakchong 1 could improve nutritional value of silage in term of increasing DM, CP, EE and GE contents, but decreasing contents of ash, NDF and ADF. In addition, making silage from Napier Pakchong 1 grass by replacing mung bean meal at 10-20% could be applicable for preserving ruminant roughage.
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Effect of lactic acid bacteria inoculation and urea on fermentation quality and aerobic stability of sugarcane top silage
(2026-12-01)
Bureenok, Smerjai
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Pitiwittayakul, Nittaya
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Saenmahayak, Benya
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Sun, Lin
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Lukkananukool, Achara
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Lactiplantibacillus paraplantarum ST1 and Limosilactobacillus fermentum G3 and their combination with urea on the aerobic stability of sugarcane tops silages. The fermentation profile was not affected by the interaction between urea and lactic acid bacteria (LAB), except for the lactic acid content (P = 0.012). Lactic acid content was higher in LAB silage (P = 0.008). The use of urea resulted in higher levels of pH value, butyric acid, and ammonia-nitrogen compared to LAB. The addition of urea increased the crude protein, and fiber content in silage and decreased the in vitro dry matter digestibility of silage by 7.1% (P < 0.001). In the urea-treated silages, the pH values remained stable, and the yeast counts remained low during five days of air exposure. In contrast, yeast counts increased in the silages without urea treatment, irrespective of the use of LAB. Clostridium sensu stricto 12 was found exclusively in urea-treated silages. The use of LAB additives without urea appears to be advantageous for the fermentation process of sugarcane tops silage. Despite improving the aerobic stability, the addition of urea is not warranted because it results in a poor-quality silage.

Lukkananukool, Achara

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